1974 Disengagement Agreement

1974 Disengagement Agreement

Israel demanded that a list of its detainees detained in Syria be published as a condition for the resumption of negotiations and requested that they be allowed to receive medical treatment from the Red Cross if necessary. Syria rejected the request and demanded territorial compensation in return. US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger came on a short drive from Jerusalem to Damascus in February 1974 (he later admitted in his books that he had decided to mediate under pressure from Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and the leader of Saudi Arabia, who had a deep interest in ending the Yom Kippur War and the oil crisis). On February 27, Kissinger returned from Damascus with a list of prisoners after promising the Syrians that Quneitra would be returned to them, and then began formal negotiations. The agreement stipulates that Syrian civilians forced to leave their homes in the buffer zone can return to them because they are engaged in the fight against terrorist activities in the Golan Heights. Both commitments were made orally to the United States. The agreement provided for the establishment of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Zone (UNDOF), which designated 1,043 troops to monitor the buffer zone. [3] G. The bodies of all dead soldiers held by both sides will be returned to their respective countries for burial within 10 days of the signing of this agreement. Although the temporary ceasefire was formalized, the two sides exchanged fire on several occasions and brought the situation to wear and tear. It continued throughout the negotiation process and became more intense each time it was interrupted.

The negotiations were initiated several times by UN Security Council Resolution 339, but from the beginning, several disputes over their procedures prevented the success of the resolution. Attrition increased further when the Withdrawal Agreement between Israel and Egypt was finally signed in January 1974. Eventually, Israel agreed to withdraw from all territories occupied during the war, about 25 square kilometers (9.7 square miles) on the Israeli side of the Purple Line (1967 Armistice Line). In return, a UNDOF buffer zone of 235 square kilometres (146 square miles) was formed on the Syrian side of this line. According to the participants in the negotiations, until the signing of the agreement in Geneva on September 31. May 1974 (more than seven months after the declaration of armistice) negotiations on the smallest detail. The negotiations led to many misunderstandings and indirectly caused the fire crises, such as when Israel agreed to return To Syria`s control of Quneitra, Syria interpreted it as if the mentioned area included the Avital and Bental Mountains, while Israel only targeted the territory of the city itself. Negotiations continued with continued U.S. pressure on Israel. F. Within 24 hours of the signing of this agreement in Geneva, all wounded prisoners of war held by each party certified by the ICRC will be repatriated. The day after the completion of the task of the military working group, all remaining prisoners of war were repatriated.

The Withdrawal Agreement (Hebrew: הסכם הפרדת הכוחות בין ישראל לסוריה, Arabic: اتفاقية فك الاشتباك) is an agreement between Israel and Syria signed on May 31, 1974[1] that officially ended the Yom Kippur War and the period of attrition that followed on the Syrian front. [2] The role of the United Nations Pension Monitoring Force (UNDOF) under this Agreement shall be to do its best to maintain the ceasefire and ensure that it is scrupulously respected. It shall monitor the Agreement and its Protocol as regards the area of separation and restriction. In carrying out its mission, it will comply with generally applicable Syrian laws and regulations while not hindering the functioning of the local civil administration. He shall enjoy freedom of movement and communication and other means necessary for his mission. It will be mobile and equipped with personal weapons of a defensive nature and will only be able to use these weapons for self-defense. The number of UNDOF is approximately 1,200 selected by the Secretary-General of the United Nations in consultation with the parties from among the members of the United Nations that are not permanent members of the Security Council. The prisoners were returned immediately after the signing of the agreement (June 1-6, 1974), and Israel withdrew from Mount Hermon and areas of the enclave. The new demarcation line was completed on 26 June 1974.

Contrary to what many expected, the agreement on the withdrawal agreement between Israel and Syria not only lasted more than 45 years, but is in force from its signing until today. This makes it the longest successful deal Israel has ever made with an Arab country. Israel and Syria will support a United Nations Security Council resolution providing for UNDOF as provided for in the agreement. The initial authorization is accompanied by a six-month extension by other Security Council resolutions. E. The provisions of subparagraphs A, B and C shall be inspected by the personnel of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force under this Agreement. UNDOF shall carry out the inspections provided for in the Agreement and report regularly to the Parties, at least once every two weeks and beyond, at the request of one of the Parties. It shall indicate on the ground the respective lines appearing on the map annexed to the Agreement. H. This agreement is not a peace agreement. It is a step towards a just and lasting peace based on Security Council resolution 338 of 22 October 1973.

This Agreement and the attached map shall be signed by the military representatives of Israel and Syria in Geneva not later than 31 May 1974 in the Egyptian-Israeli Military Working Group of the Geneva Peace Conference under the auspices of the United Nations, following the accession of a Syrian military representative to that Group, and with the participation of representatives of the United States and the Soviet Union. .